Here is the schematic for a new compressor design, which has very small parts count but flexibility in threshold, attack and decay settings.

The design uses generic NMOS FETS such as the BS170 or 2N7000 and the only critical part is the one dual op amp which needs to tolerate voltage swing at or  below ground. I am using a LMC6482 but others will work. Another designer built my original compressor using the LM358 and after looking at the data sheet believe it will work here as well.

I am using a 2N7000 as a voltage controlled resistor and it works well but cannot tolerate a drain to source voltage of even 100mV. I solve this by using shunt feedback from the drain to gate in the amplifier stage. This creates a cancelling signal at the input node, proportional to the gain, which reduces the net voltage seen across the 2N7000 down to tens of mV(with a 2 volt input).

The 2N7000 has turn on voltage starting at about .8 volts. The circuit has a 2N7000 configured as a supply independent voltage reference which provides the bias for the voltage controlled resistor. This reference is adjustable and can be used to set a variable threshold of compression or fixed at whatever threshold desired.

This design also uses a simple op amp peak detector which would be normally used in a sample and hold circuit. A bleeder resistor is added to create a decay response as desired. Because a peak detector such as this tracks instantaneous level changes – it needs to have it’s very abrupt shifting of output level smoothed out to eliminate sharp noisy spikes as the amplitude changes rapidly. This is achieved with a simple low pass integrator on the input of the 2N7000 voltage controlled resistor. This smoothing filter sets the attack. The peak detector can use just about any diode. I am using an LED which lights up and varies in intensity with respect to the amount of compression. This provides a visual indicator of how much compression is occurring. No adjustments are required to use different diodes.

In all, you can adjust the attack, decay, threshold, compression level (from 1:1 to greater than 3:1), and output level with this design, and it only uses three mosfets and one op amp.

Check out the schematic here: Consider this obsolete….. look below for improved design

https://circuitsalad.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/simple-compressor.gif

Update: I am changing the design of this compressor somewhat to eliminate some noise caused by the closed loop peak detector. The updated circuit is below. It uses an open loop compensated  peak detector instead of the closed loop type. Also I separated out the compression level indicator – which really works well. It has the benefit of giving visual indication of threshold adjustments which can be set by R6 and R10.

I don’t need the final buffer either because the threshold settings and control loop gain allow the output match input level at max compression.  Many of the component values can be adjusted so expect to play around with some values. Currently, I am using : R6(100k), R9(1Meg), R10(10k), C10(.1uF). Changing R9 and C10(smaller cap and larger resisitor) lets the op amp slew a little faster – no big deal. If I have any big revelations that something is better – I will post it!

New Schematic:

https://circuitsalad.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/mosfet-compressor1.gif